19 April, 2025

The Grand Slam Track

I have never liked Michael Johnson. I have always found him haughty and pretentious and so, when I heard about his project of the Grand Slam Track (GST) series I was naturally sceptical. Well, the first event of the series took place in April in Jamaica and must confess that I did not make any particular effort to follow it. I just perused the results but then I decided that I had a duty to write a report for the blog, my personal preferences notwithstanding. 

The event was announced last year by Johnson who explained that a 30 million dollars funding was secured. The remaining GST events of this year are scheduled for May (2 to 4 May in Miami and 30 to June 1 in Philadelphia) and June (27 to 29 in Los Angeles). The timing is decided so as not to interfere seriously with the Diamond League events (although the competition in Suzhou will be held over the same week-end as the one in Miami, and there are 8 Diamond League meetings planned from April till the end of June when the GST will be over). Despite GST being in competition with the Diamond League Sir Sebastian welcomed the upcoming event with the words: “I welcome innovation. I also welcome external resources. If you have a rising tide, everyone benefits”.


So how does GST work? As the name indicates it is a pure track event. There are six categories of events: Short Sprints 100 m and 200 m, Short Hurdles 100 m/110 m hurdles and 100 m, Long Sprints 200 m and 400 m, Long Hurdles 400 m hurdles and 400 m, Short Distance 800 m and 1500 m, and Long Distance 3000 m and 5000 m. Each athlete must participate in the two events of his category. They receive points for their finishing positions following the scale 10-8-6-5-4-3-2-1 from first to eight position. The winner is the one with the highest combined mark, and a tie is broken by considering the addition of the times over the two events. (You can find all the details on the GST website).

There are 8 athletes participating in each of the six categories. Four of them are "tenured" in the sense that they are contracted for the whole season. The remaining four are the "challengers" who may change at each meeting. For the first edition of GST, Johnson has secured the participation of big names like Sydney McLaughlin, Gaby Thomas, Marileidy Paulino, Jasmine Camacho-Quinn for the women's competition and Alison dos Santos, Marco Arop, Josh Kerr, Fred Kerley for the men. Still some big names like Noah Lyles, Letsile Tebogo, Julian Alfred or Sha'Carri Richardson are absent from the roster. Johnson is waving this away saying that "not all athletes can come in year one". 


One crucial question concerning GST is its financial sustainability. Having secured funds for the first year is OK but if there is no return on investment the enterprise is doomed. Johnson maintains that is not a source of worry since "no business is profitable in its first year". But unfortunately there are precedents where similar attempts have failed. Remember the "Nitro" competition promoted by Usain Bolt and held in Australia in 2017? It was also supported by Sir Sebastian and heralded as an innovation to Athletics. And to tell the truth the program of Nitro was more daring than the one of GST. But Nitro failed spectacularly, the 2018 event being cancelled on some made-up pretext. Will GST follow the same fate? I am tempted to be pessimistic about its future, but then this may just be due to the fact that I cannot stand Johnson. So, let's wait and see.

09 April, 2025

The World 2025 Indoors

After the excellent European Indoors, the World Championships in Nanjing were a pure let down. The majority of T&F stars snubbed the competition, preferring to concentrate themselves on the outdoors season, opening just one week later. The US representation was, well, not first rate. In some races more than half the posts were not filled. And many European countries present in Apeldoorn decided not to travel to China (which can be understood given the distance and the costs).

On the other hand in the men's pole vault the participation was excellent with 11 of the 2025 top vaulters present (only Nilsen and Lavillenie were absent). This makes the performance of E. Karalis even more impressive. He passed all heights up to 6.05 m on his first try and he gave a hard time to Duplantis. When the bar was raised at 6.10 and Duplantis succeeded in his second attempt Karalis, having missed twice, decided to carry his third jump to 6.15 m. Well, he missed, Duplantis, already ahead, succeeded and that was that, but seeing Manolo being a menace to Mondo was really something. (In fact Duplantis told the greek media that this was his toughest competition of the last years). 

Ten years ago they were together on the U18 podium

And it's the first time in history where a jumper clears 6.05 m and does not get gold. S. Kendricks was third with a season best 5.90 m, while recent European co-champion M. Vloon was 4th with 5.80 m. E. Sasma redeemed himself after the Apeldoorn disaster, finishing 6th with 5.80 m, while the two french representatives were a pitiful sight, T. Collet jumping just 5.50 m and B. Thierry no-heighting at the initial 5.50 m.

But all was not bad for the french vault team: the solace came in the women's event. The Apeldoorn podium was reversed in order and M.J. Bonnin was crowned world champion. Once more, the US participation was below-par and the battle was between European jumpers, this time in the presence of last year's indoor world champion M. Caudery. But with a second clearance of 4.70 m she finished just outside the medals on count-back. In fact at that height T. Sutej was leading the competition with A. Moser and Bonnin tied at second place. But then Bonnin went on to pass 4.75 m, a national record, on her second attempt, winning the title. I was happy when she won her first major medal at the Europeans but the world title was, to say the least, unexpected.

When you know you did it

There was a total European domination in the men's heptathlon. S. Ehammer opted (unsuccessfully) for the long jump this time and the road to the medals was open for the first four of the Europeans. H. Baldwin's heel of Achilles, the pole vault, costed him a medal this time, all the more so since T. Steinforth jumped an almost personal best at 5.20 m. Once more S. Skotheim had a below par pole vault with just 5.00 m, which allowed  to J. Erm to entertain hopes with his 5.30 m jump, placing him at just over 50 points from Skotheim. However this cannot excuse his aggressive race in the 1000 m where he pushed twice Skotheim out of the way, hoping to make up the point difference. (Erm tried to minimise this saying they had a stupid bet with Skotheim on who was going to win the 1000 m). Anyhow, in the end Skotheim won with 6475 points versus 6437 for Erm.

Unfortunately I could not find the video where things are clearer

S. Vanninen won the pentathlon in Nanjing just as she had done in Apeldoorn but, with 4821 points, more than 100 behind her performance in the Europeans. K. O'Connor obtained the silver medal (improving her bronze from Apeldoorn, but still close to 40 points off her national record). Entering the 800 m, T. Brooks had a 3 point advantage over O'Connor. This difference evaporated in the 800 m leaving her at third place, but that was not bad given that it's the first pentathlon she participates in after 7 years.

The drama at the men's 60 m final

Men's 60 m was an event full of drama. Puerto Rican E. Benitez ran the fastest qualifying time with 6.49 s, R. Baker (although far from his 6.40 s going back to 2018) qualified with a solid  6.51 s and L. Kennedy coming from a 6.43 s obtained in January were the favourites of the race. But in the final Benitez fell on the track injured just out of the blocks and, over the last metres, Baker clutched his thigh grimacing in pain. Finally it was European champion J. Azu who won the race in 6.49 s (same time as in Apeldoorn) just ahead of Kennedy, 6.50 s, while A. Simbine, finishing third, won his first global medal. 

Women's 60 m photo finish

The women's race was less eventful. Z. Dosso has the best time going into the final but in the end it was the more experienced M. Kambundji who won 7.04 to 7.06 s. P. Van der Weken added a world bronze to her european one. With Swoboda, Hunt and Rosius, the first six of the European final were present also in the World one with only Z. Hobbs beating Rosius for the 6th place. It is remarkable that neither jamaican nor US athletes could make it to the final. Perusing the starting lists one finds the name of B. Masilingi (who in the end did not participate). I was intrigued because Masilingi was one of the two namibian runners who made sensation in 2021. Masilingi ran a 49.53 s 400 m (second-fastest world U18 time) and participated in the final of the olympic 200 m, finishing 6th, along with compatriot C. Mboma who won silver. Mboma and Masilingi were not allowed to participate in the 400 m (where Mboma had run a finally non-ratified 48.54 s) having both disorders in sex development but as per the 2021 standing regulations could take part in the 200 m. I was convinced that, given the changes in the rules concerning DSD athletes both Masilingi and Mboma would have put an end to their careers but I was wrong. (After all, they are still just 21 years old). So Mboma ran a 12.07 s 100 m in March, while Masilingi ran a 7.35 s 60 m and 23.32 s short-track 200 m. These performances are nothing to write home about but that's probably due to the fact that, according to the new, 2023, rules, they must medicinally lower their blood testosterone concentration. I will be intrigued to see what they can do when they get back on track this summer.

Men's 400 m was a US affair with the three american runners monopolising the podium. C. Bailey won with 45.08, with European champion A. Molnar having to content himself with a 4th place. The women's race was far more interesting, A. Anning prevailing over A. Holmes thanks to a great finish, 50.60 to 50.63 s. H. Jaeger who had finished second behind L. Klaver in the Europeans with a time of 50.45 s was third with 50.92 s this time. M. Weil, the daughter of Olympic medalist and WA vice-president X. Restrepo, was 4th in 51.78 s (but with a 51.05 s outdoors she has yet to beat her mother's record of 49.64 s). I wonder why she does not try her hand in the 400 m hurdles just as her mother did. 

A great finish for Anning and Holmes

The men's 800 m saw the vengeance of European 2nd and 5th finishers, E. Crestan and J. Canales who obtained silver and bronze relegating the Apeldoorn winner S. Chapple to 4th place. The race was won by J. Hoey in 1:44.77. Crestan's finish was quite menacing but in the end not quite sufficient. Having followed her races during the indoor circuit, I considered P. Sekgodiso as the favourite of the race despite the presence of the ethiopian runners. She ended up by completely dominating the race winning in 1:58.40. A. Werro although failing to win a medal managed to redeem herself after the Apeldoorn disaster finishing in a national record 1:59.81 just behind bronze medalist P. Silva (1:59.80) but beating the european 2024 champion A. Wielgosz, 2:00.34.

Sekgodiso dominating the women's 800 m

Men's 1500 m and 3000 m were won by J. Ingebrigtsen. I was tempted to say that it was a pure formality but nothing is further from the truth. Ingebrigtsen has not won a world-level 1500 m since the Tokyo Olympics. He was second in 2022 in the Belgrade World Indoors with only European titles as a "consolation". Doubling 1500 m and 5000 m (outdoors) is probably too much even for an athlete of his calibre. Be that as it may, winning both 1500 and 3000 m indoors at european and world level is really auspicious for this summer. Women's 1500 m was definitely the most spectacular victory of the competition. G. Tsegay won in a championships record of 3:54.86 more than 40 m ahead of second finisher D. Welteji 3:59.30. F. Hailu won the 3000 m in a race where, given her basic speed, I was expecting J. Hull to win (she finished third). 

Tsegay outclassing the competition

Both 4x400 m relays (mind you, there is no mixed relay yet in the World's indoors but it will appear in the next edition) were won by the US team. And while men's time was a quite respectable 3:03.13 the women's time of 3:27.45 wouldn't have sufficed for 5th place in the Europeans, let alone a medal. All in all, I find it quite disconcerting that in the top all-time lists one finds US university teams and not national ones. World Athletics should do something about this, promoting the indoor 4x400 m relays.

I like this photo where the runners look as if they were flying

Men's 60 m hurdles were won by the indisputable favourite F. Holloway in 7.42 s, W. Belocian a distant second in 7.54 s, far from his 7.45 s at the Europeans. But what is more astonishing is that the european champion J. Szymanski (7.43 s in Apeldoorn) exited in the semis with 7.63 s, while L. Simoneli who could not make the European final was 4th in Nanjing with 7.60 s. M. Obasuyi gave the proof of his constancy: after finishing 6th at the Europeans with 7.63 s, he obtained the 5th place in the World's with 7.60 s. The woman's race was, to say the least, heavily disputed, with world recordwoman D. Charlton finally prevailing over european champion D. Kambundji, 7.72  to 7.73 s. Upon reflection and seeing the times of Nanjing I have the impression that the track was somewhat inferior to that of Apeldoorn. 

How on earth can one separate 3rd, 4th and 5th?

I have written about a greek triumph at the beginning of the article. Now it's the time to write about the less than stellar performance of M. Tentoglou. To tell the truth, following his competitions all along this winter I had set my expectations very low. And in fact after three jumps he was trailing at the 9th place. Had the classical system been in place, his competition would have ended then and there. But in Nanjing World Athletics tried something new. In the throws and horizontal jumps, after three attempts, the first 10 athletes are given one more attempt. (Tentoglou profited from this and with 8.14 m found himself at 5th place). After the fourth attempt the first 8 of the classification are given one more attempt and finally only the first six go on to have a last attempt. This makes the event somewhat harder to follow but to tell the truth I like it better than the previous system (and all the stupid things that are being tried in the Diamond League). Furlani won the event with 8.30 m with just 1 cm separating the first from the second and the second from the third. As for Tentoglou, he had a great last jump clearly over 8.30 m but with a 2 cm foul. So there is definitely hope for this summer. The women's event was won by C. Bryant with 6.96 m, backed with a solid 6.90 and two other jumps that would have allowed her to win with the exception of the 6.83 m of A. Kälin. F. Diamé won another world bronze after the one she obtained last year. M. Gardasevic, who had finished 4th at the Europeans, just ahead of Diamé, could do no better than a disappointing 13th place.

I was expecting something better from T. LaFond in the women's triple jump. It was clear that it took her some time to warm up at the competition. In the end she finished fourth with 14.18 m in an event that saw two cubans in first and second place L. Perez and L. Povea, with jumps 14.93 and 14.57 m respectively. European champion A. Peleteiro (not of cuban origin) was third in 14.29 m. A. Diaz (he is cuban-born) won the men's event doing even better than in Apeldoorn with a world-leading 17.80 m. Reigning indoor champion H.F. Zango was initially 4th but was promoted to 3rd after the disqualification of the bronze medalist (brazilian A. dos Santos) for non-regulation shoes. (It's time I wrote an article on the shoe revolution). 

Andy Díaz jumping in Nanjing

Men's high jump was won by S. Woo with 2.31 while european champion O. Doroshchuk, who jumped 2.34 m in Apeldoorn, could do ne better than 2.28 m finishing fifth. The women's event was a minor surprise with Y. Mahuchikh finishing 3rd with 1.95, in an event won by the australian duo Olyslagers and Paterson, the first winning on count-back both having jumped 1.97 m. A. Topic missed once at 1.95 m and that costed her the medal. (and then she was forced by the first time 1.97 m clearance of the australians to try 1.99 m just as Mahuchikh, both failing at that height). 

T. Walsh won his third indoor title (after the ones of 2016 and 2018) in shot put with a massive first throw of 21.65 m. World leader L. Fabri did better than in the Europeans but his 21.36 m was not enough for a place on the podium. The second best in the world J. Gill was curiously absent from the competition and the third best Z. Weir could do no better than 8th. J. Schilder was far from her throws in Apeldoorn. With only one throw over 20 m she finished second in the women's shot put behind  S. Mitton who had three throws over 20 m, with a best of 20.48 m, and retained the world title she had won in Glasgow. Starting from this season she has modified her technique and apparently it pays.  

But as I was saying at the beginning of the article these World Indoors were somewhat boring. Let's hope that the outdoor season, that is already starting, will turn out to be more exciting.

01 April, 2025

The International Track and Field Annual is not dead (yet)

The title of the blog needs some explanation. The publication in question is produced by the Association of Track and Field Statisticians. In case you are wondering what is this association  I cannot do better than repeating verbatim what is written in the ATFS history page

On the 26th of August 1950, eleven “track nuts” met in Brussels, Belgium, during the 4th European Athletics Championships, and founded the Association of Track and Field Statisticians with the dual aim of of documenting the present and recovering the past, in order to commit to future memory the efforts of thousands of athletes, men and women, who have given lustre to the sport all over the World. Their aim was to promote such a work at both national and international levels. And these aims continue today.

The person behind that movement was the famous Roberto Quercetani (1922-2019). He is the most prominent Athletics historian. He was a founding member and president of the ATFS from 1950 until 1968. If you haven't read his History of Modern Track and Field athletics I urge you to track it down and read it. It's a must for all Athletics fans.


Under Quercetani's guidance the ATFS started publishing and "Annual" containing an as complete as possible collection of the results of the year as well as all-time classifications. Quercetani was the general editor of the ATFS Annual from 1951 to 1969. After that date the Annual continued under various editors up to 1984. 


In 1985, the british statistician and broadcaster Peter Matthews (1945-2023) took over the editing and assumed management of the publication from the ATFS. The name was changed to International Track and Field Annual that appears in the title of this post. In fact just two years later the label "Athletics 1987" was introduced along the Annual title and the publication became best known as the Athletics book. The yearly edition appeared by early May, and in 2022 the publication switched to print-on-demand. The very first year a pdf version was also offered (which would have been precious in the current all-digital era) but was discontinued the next year. And then Matthews passed away in 2023 and I was convinced that the International Track and Field Annual would disappear. In fact May had come and gone without any news about Athletics 2024. 


But sompe time back I was visiting, by chance, the ATFS page and I discovered an announcement that the 2024 edition was available (as the past years, in a print-on-demand form). It is published by R. Hymans and S. Mazdon, two well known athletics statisticians. So for the time being the yearly "Athletics" book is still alive.

To be honest I didn't know if I was going to buy this year's edition. I have noticed that for some years now I am just riffling through the book when it arrives and then I just add it to my collection (which goes back to the 70s). Whenever I need some information I look for it on the web and the last time I used the data from Athletics in some research work was ten years ago when I published the paper "Comparing the best athletic performances of the two sexes" together with my colleague Y. Charon. But then Athletics 2024 is dirt cheap (around 25 euros) so I decided to order it just as a tribute to Matthews (and because I am a Grouser fan 🙂). It arrived a few days later.